Basics of Semantics

Please have a look at this presentation to get an idea on the topics being addressed in this course:

 The Role Of Ontology In Modern Expert Systems Dallas 2008 from Jason Morris

And see this video: https://plus.google.com/u/0/107636785072275844843/posts/9kbGFHA972J = Task for next lecture =
 * Establish a context aware scenario
 * Examples Context-aware_Scenarios
 * Search for literature on some 4-5 scientific papers related to your scenario
 * Download and install Protégé (version 3.5): http://protege.stanford.edu/download/download.html

Test yourself, answer these questions

 * What is the difference among the Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 and Web 3.0?
 * What is the Semantic Web?
 * Describe the problems in the current web and the vision of the sematic web.
 * How would you define the main goals of the Semantic Web?
 * What is an ontology?

= Lecture Notes & Scenarios =

Lecture Notes 2014
The lecture
 * Notes: [[Media:UNIK4710-L3-v14-LectureNotes.pdf]]
 * Video: mms://lux.unik.no/UNIK4710-JN/UNIK-20140131.wmv

Lecture Notes 2013

 * Notes: [[Media:UNIK4710-L2-v13-LectureNotes.pdf]]

Lecture Notes 2012

 * Notes: [[Media:UNIK4710-L2-v12-LectureNotes.pdf]]

= Other info =


 * title: Basics of Semantics
 * author: Josef Noll
 * subfooter: UNIK4710/UNIK9710

= ⌘Introduction=
 * review of first lecture
 * context-aware, personalised
 * Example: [[Media:PersonalisedInformation.mp4]]
 * future "mobile" Internet: Web, People, Devices

Tasks
 * Presentation of context aware scenarios
 * 4-5 Scientific papers
 * install Protege 3.5

= ⌘What are you going to learn:=
 * Understand the need for semantics
 * Can list the basic elements of semantic technologies
 * Explain the differences between semantic web and semantic web services
 * Next: Identify semantic technologies for description of the user and his context
 * Next: Describe the difference between ontologies and rules

Reference: J.C. Morris, The Role Of Ontology In Modern Expert Systems Dallas 2008, slideshare.com

= ⌘ Semantic Technologies= References:
 * Trends in the future: http://www.slideshare.net/matthewbuckland/future-web-trends [[Media:MatthewBucklandFutureTrends.ppt]]

⌘ Tim Berners Lee on Semantic Web
published in 2008

⌘Discussion: Tagging versus Semantics


Discuss:
 * what are the main elements of semantics
 * differences between .rdf, .owl,
 * "what are your expectations on semantics?"

= ⌘Usage of Semantic today= Customer preferences
 * Trust relation
 * Clear value proposition (convenience)
 * Information/advertisement overload

Main duties for service players
 * Customer relation (paying the bill)
 * Service integration
 * New business ideas
 * Customer protection (information

References:
 * J. Noll, "Semantics and Real World Multimedia", May 2008 [[Media:200805FIT-IT-SemanticsMultiMedia.pdf]]

= ⌘Detailed intro to Semantics and Ontologies= See Service Semantics, Tutorial at LUT, [[Media:200708ServiceSemantics-Tutorial.pdf]]

= ⌘Fundamentals of Semantics=
 * Explain: RDF, OWL, ...
 * Discuss: use cases, restrictions

Semantics:
 * .xml relation between subject & object
 * .rdf subject, predict, object
 * .rdfs vocabulary for properties
 * ontologies as data models of a domain
 * describe through rdf or owl
 * owl is more expressive


 * Extension of semantics through rules
 * Rules might replace ontologies

= ⌘Challenges with ontologies=
 * ontologies describe the data on a Web
 * very good suited as a knowledge base, e.g. medical history, interworking of medicine, oil drilling
 * when using a semantic model in the real world, the challenge is to get changes (updates) to the ontologies. Example: car industry, where cars are produced under the same header with slightly different outfit, where manufacturers change frequently,...

= ⌘ Summary on Ontologies=
 * cover only limited area (specific area, "swamps of ontologies")
 * have a "creation date" (timestamp) in mind
 * upgradability?
 * consistency when upgrading one ontology
 * are good for knowledge management
 * interface between knowledge management and processes is not clear

= ⌘What have we learned, discuss=
 * Understand the need for semantics
 * Can list the basic elements of semantic technologies
 * Explain the differences between semantic web and semantic web services
 * Next: Identify semantic technologies for description of the user and his context
 * Next: Describe the difference between ontologies and rules

Tasks
 * Presentation of context aware scenarios
 * 4-5 Scientific papers
 * install Protege 3.5

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