F1-Future Networks

=⌘ F1-Future Networks =

=⌘ 5G Heterogeneous Networks =

See presentation from Dhananjay Gore, Qualcomm Research, India at COMSNETS 2018
 * 3GPPP Rel-15 specifications aligned with Qualcomm Research white paper Nov2015
 * http://www.qualcomm.com/invention/technologies/5g-nr/mmwave

Presentation: Josef Noll, [[Media:201010-Femtocell-Project.pdf|From coverage to quality: building the future network]], Femtocells - Building the Quality Network for Mobile Operations - Oslo, 28 Oct 2010

Ayaz Khan Afridi, "[[Media:2011-Macro_and_Femto_MasterThesis.pdf|Macro and Femto Network Aspects in Realistic LTE Usage Scenarios]]", Master Thesis, Network Services and System in Department of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden, May 2011.

⌘ Air Interface
Scalable OFDM-based 5G NR air interface
 * Scalable numerology, scalable slot duration (efficient multiplexing of diverse latency and QoS requirements)
 * Frequency localisation
 * lower power consumption
 * Asynchronous multiple access

Flexible slot-based 5G NR framework
 * Self-contained slot structure (independently decode slots and avoid static timing relationships across slots)
 * Blank subcarriers
 * blank slots

⌘Channel coding
Channel coding
 * Advanced ME-LDPC channel coding
 * more efficient than LTE Turbo code, 4x at Code rate (R)=0.65, 5 at R=0.9

3x increase in spectrum efficiency
 * explicit 3D beam forming with up to 256 antenna elements
 * typical 3.8x increase from 4x4 MIMO to 5G NR Massive (256 antennas) MIMO (52 Mbps to 195 Mbps)

Large BW opportunity for mmWave
 * 5G NR sub-6GHz (3.4-3.6 GHz)
 * 5G NR mmWave (e.g. 24.25-27.5 GHz, 27.5-29.5 GHz)

⌘ Challenges in 5G
required:
 * overcome significant path loss in bands above 24 GHz
 * robustness: innovation to overcome mmWave blockage from hand, body, walls, foliage - non-LOS is a problem
 * Device size/power integration into a mobile
 * Dense network topology and spatial reuse (150-250m distance)


 * colocation of 28 GHz on LTE channels

⌘ Early 5G

 * Ubiquitous LTE coverage - Gigabit LTE, VoLTE
 * Simultaneoud Dual-Connectivity across 5G NR and 4G LTE
 * using: 5G NR below 6 GHz
 * SA 5G NR having control & user plane on LTE RAN, and user plane on 5G RAN (LTE EPC)

Future, 5G NR evolution and expansion beyond eMBB
 * Rel-15 Work item: URLLC
 * Rel-15 Study items: 5G NR non orthogonal multiple access, e.g. RSMA, 5G NR for C-V2X communications
 * higher spectrum: 40 GHz

⌘Evolving LTE IoT for massive IoT
MultiFire - own standing
 * ubiquitous connectivity, achieving device link budget og 165 dB (max coupling loss)
 * NR in unlicensed: Concept in 2016, 3GPP study item in 2018
 * NR-based LAA, NR in unlicensed aggregated with LTE

MISSING:
 * radio interface: Large cell low mobility sites (low density rural areas)
 * interference with unlicensed technologies

=⌘ Basic Internet = Presentation: [[Media:201611_BasicInternet_India_v1.pdf|Business perspective for India based on Basic Internet (.pdf)]]

=⌘ Calculations = Establish the link budget and the capacity using a simplified model for
 * a) a coverage area of 100 km, using 2G technology at 900 MHz and the models from
 * b)

=⌘ Video Distribution Networks = Idea originated by Kjetil Kjernsmo in UNIK4710, and presented at